Reef aquariums consist of a number of components, in addition to the livestock, including:
Display tank: The primary tank in which the livestock are kept and shown.
Stand: A stand allows for placement of the display tank at eye level and provides space for storage.
Sump: An accessory tank in which mechanical equipment is kept. A remote sump allows for a clutter-free tank.
Refugium: An accessory tank dedicated to the cultivation of beneficial macroalgae and microflora/fauna. The refugium and sump are often housed in a single tank with a system of dividers to separate the compartments.
Lighting: Several lighting options are available for the reef-keeper and are tailored to the types of coral kept.
Canopy: The canopy houses the light fixtures and provides access to the tank for feeding and maintenance.
Filtration and water movement: A variety of filtration and water movement strategies are employed in reef aquaria. Bulky equipment is often relegated to the sump.
